Increasing the risks of the spread of in-hospital infection during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine

June 23, 2021
934
Resume

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the risks of the emergence and spread of nosocomial infections are sharply increasing. This is especially true of the airborne transmission route, when the large-scale use of oxygen therapy carries the risk of contamination of the air environment in hospitals with aerosols, which are formed during controlled breathing apparatus. It is necessary to implement measures for effective prevention of air pollution of a hospital with aerosols, in dentistry, where saliva ejectors are used, in surgical departments, where fluid suction devices are used (exudate, pus, etc.). It is necessary to equip three centralized systems for ensuring functioning these premises: supply of medical purified sterile oxygen; supply of purified sterile air to ventilators; vacuum removal of exhaust air from ventilators, saliva ejectors, suction of biological fluids with mandatory disinfection before being released into the atmosphere.

References:

  • 1. Teegen L. (2005) Fundamentals of Infection Control. New York, 280 p. (In Rus.).
  • 2. Yanov Yu.K. (2007) Actual problems of epidemiology and prevention of postoperative infections. Bulletin of Surgery named after I.I. Grekov, 3: 106–109. (In Rus.).
  • 3. Reddy Sh.T. Chung K.K., McDaniel C.J. et al. (2011) Micropatterned surfaces for reducing the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infection: an in vitro study on the effect of shackled micropatterned surfaces to inhibit bacterial colonization and migration of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. J. Еndourol., 9: 1547–1552. doi: 10.1089/end.2010.0611.
  • 4. Heyns C.F. (2012) Urinary tract infection associated with conditions causing urinary tract obstruction and stasis, excluding urolithiasis and neuropathic bladder. World J.Urol., 30: 77–83. doi: 10.1007/s00345-011-0725-9.
  • 5. Briko N.I. (2002) Features of the epidemiology of nosocomial infections at the present stage. Nurse, 2: 41–43. (In Rus.).
  • 6. Zueva L.P. (2000) Substantiation of the strategy of combating hospital infections and the ways of its implementation. Epidemiology and infectious diseases, 6: 10–13. (In Rus.).
  • 7. American International Health Alliance (2003) Fundamentals of Infection Control: A Practical Guide. Transl. from English, 2nd ed. Alpina Publisher, Moscow, 478 p. (In Rus.).
  • 8. Sarkulova M.N. (2006) The nature and etiological structure of nosocomial infection in urological patients. Urology, 1: 19–22. (In Rus.).
  • 9. Kremery V. (2002) Intraabdominal infections treated with cefaperasone/sulbactam. 4-th Eur. Cong. Chemother. Paris, 7: 268271.
  • 10. Brouza E., San Juan R., Muñoz P. et al. (2010) The Cooperative Group of the European on nosocomial infections. A European perspective on nosocomial urinary tract infections (ESGNI 003 study). Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 7 (10): 523–531. doi: 10.1046/j.1198-743x.2001.00324.x.
  • 11. Ministry of Health of Ukraine (2004) Decision of the joint extended board of the Ministry of Health and the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of Ukraine «Prevention of nosocomial infections» from 03.09.2004 (In Ukr.).
  • 12. Anashkin V.V., Anashkina N.A., Volkov S.D. et al. (1999) Sanitary-hygienic and anti-epidemic regime in dental facilities. Transport of Ukraine, Kiev, 158 p. (In Rus.).
  • 13. Selnikova O.P. (2003) Nosocomial infections are an urgent problem of modern epidemiology. Infection control, 1: 16–18.
  • 14. Akilov F.A. (2013) Postoperative infectious and inflammatory complications of endoscopic operations for urolithiasis. Urology, 1: 89–91. (In Rus.).
  • 15. Ministry of Health of Ukraine (2010) Methodical recommendations «Cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of anesthesia-respiratory equipment», approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 12.03.2010 № 221. (In Ukr.).
  • 16. Saidakhmedova A.S. (2011) Proceedings of the XI conference of young medical scientists from the CIS countries. Almaty, 326–329 p. (In Rus.).
  • 17. Pokrovsky V.I. (2000) Hospital-acquired infections. Epidemiology and infectious diseases, 5: 12–14. (In Rus.).
  • 18. Usmanova G.M. (2002) Ways to improve sanitary and anti-epidemic supervision and measures for the prevention of nosocomial infections in obstetric institutions. Abstract of thesis dis. … сand. med. sci. Dushanbe, 24 p. (In Rus.).
  • 19. Ministry of Health of Ukraine (2008) Guidelines «Epidemiological surveillance of infections in the field of surgery and their prevention», approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 04.04.2008 № 181. (In Ukr.).
  • 20. Ministry of Health of Ukraine (2007) Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 10.05.2007 № 234 «On the organization of prevention of nosocomial infections in obstetric hospitals». (In Ukr.).
  • 21. Ministry of Health of Ukraine (2010) Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 21.09.2010 № 798 «Methodological recommendations» Surgical and hygienic treatment of hands of medical staff». (In Ukr.).
  • 22. Wenzel R., Brever T. (2003) Guidelines for hospital infection control. (Transl. from English). MAKMACH, Smolensk, 272 p. (In Rus.).
  • 23. Sanitary and epidemiological rules and norms 5179–90. «Sanitary rules for the design, equipment and operation of hospitals, maternity hospitals and other medical hospitals». (In Rus.).
  • 24. Usmanova G.M. (2011) The causes of the emergence and spread of nosocomial infections in surgical and dental facilities and their epidemiological features. Dushanbe, 82 p. (In Rus.).
  • 25. Nickberg I.I. (1993) Hospital hygiene. Health, Kyiv, 264 p. (In Ukr.).
  • 26. Ministry of Health of Ukraine (2002) Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 23.07.2002 № 280 «On the organization of mandatory preventive examinations of workers of certain professions, industries and organizations whose activities are related to public services and may lead to the spread of infectious diseases». (In Ukr.).
  • 27. Ministry of Health of Ukraine (2003) Order of the Ministry of Health of 05.11.2003 № 955 «On approval of regulations on protection against HIV infection in the performance of professional duties». (In Ukr.).
  • 28. Ministry of Health of Ukraine (2012) Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 04.04.2012 № 236 «On the organization of control and prevention of postoperative purulent-inflammatory infections caused by microorganisms resistant to antimicrobial drugs». (In Ukr.).
  • 29. Shcherbo A.P. (2000) Hospital Hygiene. SPbMAPO, St. Petersburg, 480 р. (In Rus.).
  • 30. Zaitsev A.V. (2005) Current trends in the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection in urology. Pharmateca, 4–5 (100): 116. (In Rus.).
  • 31. Zueva L.P., Yafaev R.Kh. (2008) Nosocomial salmonellosis. Foliant, St. Petersburg, 634–639. (In Rus.).
  • 32. Pokrovsky V.I. (2000) Problems of nosocomial infections. Epidemiology and infectious diseases, 2: 4–9. (In Rus.).
  • 33. Johansen Т.Е. (2004) Nosocomially acquired urinary tract infection in urology departments. Why an international prevalence study is needed in urology, 23: 30–34.
  • 34. Ministry of Health of Ukraine (2007) Guidelines «Determination of sensitivity of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs», approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 05.04.2007 № 167. (In Ukr.).
  • 35. Boyko O.V. (2004) Etiological and diagnostic aspects of the carriage of bacteria. Modern problems of science and education, 1: 47–58. (In Rus.).
  • 36. Dzhulay O.S. (2013) A single control center for nosocomial infections is needed. Sanitary and epidemiological service — preventive medicine, 3: 34–35. (In Ukr.).